Wealth-Protection Jurisdiction Atlas 2026

Q: Is the Atlas a ranking of tax havens?

No. The tiers reflect jurisdictional resilience, governance quality and wealth-management infrastructure for lawful planning, not tax competitiveness or secrecy. Regulatory transparency is scored as alignment with international standards such as the Common Reporting Standard, and being outside a compliance list is never scored as a benefit.

Q: How are the scores calculated?

Each of the seven pillars is scored from official sources, dated and given a confidence score, and the composite applies Mirabello's published default weights mechanically. Figures below confidence 60 are withheld rather than shown, and the composite is recalculated over the pillars that are available.

Q: Why do some jurisdictions carry an asterisk?

An asterisk marks a jurisdiction not covered by the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators. Its institutional stability pillar is left unscored, never estimated, and the jurisdiction is scored on the other six pillars.

Q: How often is the Atlas updated?

The Atlas is rebuilt weekly from Mirabello's live data backbone, and withheld or stale figures are re-verified continuously. The current data is dated 31 October 2026.

Q: Can I use the Atlas to decide where to move or invest?

Not on its own. A higher score or tier does not mean a jurisdiction suits a particular person or family; suitability depends on residence, tax residence, nationality, family circumstances, assets and reporting obligations, and needs tailored professional advice before any decision.

Q: Does Mirabello have a conflict of interest?

Mirabello earns fees advising on residence, citizenship and wealth structuring, so it has a commercial interest in some jurisdictions covered. To manage this, the method, weights, sources and data rules are published in full and applied uniformly, and scores come from official inputs, not commercial relationships.

Q: How do I start with Mirabello Consultancy?

Book a free, confidential consultation. A Mirabello Consultancy specialist reviews your residence, family, assets and goals, and explains which jurisdictions and programmes genuinely fit your situation, in any of our 11 languages.

What is the Wealth-Protection Jurisdiction Atlas?

The Mirabello Wealth-Protection Jurisdiction Atlas is a proprietary comparison of 124 jurisdictions across seven pillars, from tax efficiency and legal structures to succession rules, international compliance and institutional stability. Every score comes from official sources and a published method, so families and their advisers can compare jurisdictions for lawful planning.

What "wealth protection" means here. In this Atlas, "wealth protection" means LAWFUL risk management across governance quality, institutional stability, regulatory robustness, succession certainty and long-term planning infrastructure. It does NOT mean secrecy, concealment, aggressive tax arrangements or avoidance of reporting obligations.

Important: please read

This Atlas is provided for general information and comparison only and is NOT legal, tax, investment, immigration, fiduciary, accounting or financial-planning advice, and is not a solicitation or recommendation to relocate, invest or restructure.
A higher score or tier does NOT mean a jurisdiction is suitable or appropriate for any particular person or family; suitability depends on residence, tax residence, nationality, family circumstances, source of funds, asset profile and reporting obligations, and requires tailored professional advice before any decision.
Mirabello supports only LAWFUL, transparent and fully disclosed cross-border planning. This Atlas must NOT be used to evade tax, conceal assets, avoid reporting obligations, frustrate creditors unlawfully, breach sanctions or mislead any authority.
Users remain responsible for all reporting and disclosure obligations under regimes such as the OECD Common Reporting Standard (CRS) and, where applicable, US FATCA, which require automatic exchange of financial-account information between tax authorities.
This Atlas is NOT a regulated financial benchmark, index, credit rating, investment product or reference rate, and is not designed to be referenced in contracts, financial instruments or performance measurement.
No guarantee is given as to the accuracy, completeness or timeliness of any figure; rules change frequently and time-sensitive items (fees, thresholds, tax rates, processing times, quotas, eligibility) must be treated as CHECK-OFFICIAL-SOURCE and verified directly with the relevant official government source at the point of use.
To the fullest extent permitted by law, Mirabello Consultancy accepts no liability for any loss arising from reliance on this Atlas.
The Mirabello Jurisdiction Resilience Methodology, scores and presentation are proprietary to Mirabello Consultancy (© Mirabello Consultancy). World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators are used under CC-BY 4.0; the World Bank does not endorse this work.

How do you compare jurisdictions for your own profile?

The interactive Atlas lets you move seven weighting sliders, one per pillar, and re-sorts all 124 jurisdictions live. Select a jurisdiction to see its pillar profile, compare several side by side, and share the exact view by copying the page address, which keeps your weights and selections.

How are the 124 jurisdictions tiered?

Mirabello places each jurisdiction in one of three published tiers by its composite score: 27 jurisdictions score 80 or more and form Tier 1, 91 score from 65 to below 80 and form Tier 2, and 6 score below 65 and form Tier 3. The thresholds are fixed and applied mechanically.

These tiers are NOT ratings of tax competitiveness or secrecy and must not be read as "tax haven" rankings; they reflect jurisdictional resilience, governance quality and wealth-management infrastructure for lawful planning.

Tier 1: Premier Global Hubs 27

Jurisdictions combining strong rule of law, deep financial-market infrastructure and mature regulatory oversight.

Kuwait 91.8^* · Isle of Man 89.9^* · Guernsey 89.2^* · Bahrain 88.6^* · Gibraltar 88.6^* · Jersey 87.5 · Liechtenstein 87.3 · Monaco 87.3^* · United Arab Emirates 86.3 · Cayman Islands 85.9 · Paraguay 85.6^* · Bermuda 85.1 · Singapore 84.3 · Bahamas 83.8 · Bulgaria 83.3^* · Georgia 83.3^* · Maldives 83^* · Cook Islands 82.9 · Hong Kong 82.6 · Nauru 81.9^* · Czechia 81.7^* · Nigeria 81.7^* · Antigua and Barbuda 81.5 · Bosnia and Herzegovina 80.8^* · Andorra 80.7 · Oman 80.1 · Seychelles 80^*

Tier 2: Established Wealth Centres 91

Jurisdictions with well-developed private-wealth services underpinned by stable institutions and recognised international-cooperation frameworks.

Estonia 79.6^* · Hungary 79.5^* · Brunei Darussalam 79.4^* · Barbados 79.3^* · British Virgin Islands 79.3^* · Guatemala 79^* · Qatar 78.6 · Peru 78.3^* · North Macedonia 78.2^* · St Kitts and Nevis 77.9 · Indonesia 77.8^* · Armenia 77.4^* · Malta 77.3 · India 77.1^* · Switzerland 77.1 · Rwanda 77^* · Costa Rica 76.7^* · Malaysia 76.6 · Mauritius 76.5 · Brazil 76^* · Croatia 75^* · Kenya 74.9^* · Mexico 74.9^* · Saint Lucia 74.9 · Saudi Arabia 74.8 · Belarus 74.7^* · Uruguay 74.3 · Chad 74.2^* · Grenada 73.8 · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 73.8 · Argentina 73.7^* · Australia 73.7^* · Cyprus 73.5 · Dominica 73.5 · Pakistan 73.5^* · Albania 73.2^* · Fiji 73.1^* · South Korea 73^* · Serbia 72.8^* · South Sudan 72.4^* · Austria 72.3^* · Chile 72.3^* · Belize 72.2 · Canada 72.1 · Botswana 71.9^* · Bolivia 71.8^* · Burkina Faso 71.6^* · New Zealand 71.5^* · Azerbaijan 71.4^* · Cambodia 71.4^* · Spain 71.3 · Egypt 71.2^* · Taiwan 71.1^* · Angola 70.8^* · Montenegro 70.7^* · Portugal 70.5 · Cape Verde 70.3^* · Latvia 70.2^* · El Salvador 70.1^* · Tanzania 70.1^* · Namibia 70^* · Germany 69.8 · China 69.7^* · Algeria 69.5^* · Colombia 69.3^* · United Kingdom 69.3 · Cameroon 69.2^* · Vanuatu 69.2 · São Tomé and Príncipe 69.1^* · Greece 68.9 · Italy 68.9 · Thailand 68.9 · Ecuador 68.6^* · Netherlands 68.4 · Belgium 68^* · Philippines 67.9^* · Honduras 67.8^* · Sri Lanka 67.7^* · Dominican Republic 67.5^* · Bangladesh 67.4^* · Ethiopia 67.2^* · Ireland 66.9^* · Burundi 66.8^* · Slovenia 66.7^* · Bhutan 66.5^* · Democratic Republic of Congo 66.4^* · United States 66.3 · Jordan 66^* · Luxembourg 66^* · Sierra Leone 66^* · Japan 65.7^*

Tier 3: Emerging and Specialist Centres 6

Jurisdictions developing niche capabilities in specific segments within evolving regulatory frameworks.

France 64.5 · South Africa 64.1^* · Panama 63.9 · Republic of Congo 60.4^* · Turkey 58.1^* · Vietnam 52.2^*

* Not covered by the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators: scored on the other six pillars and shown as a specialised financial centre, never given a proxy score.

Which jurisdictions lead each pillar?

Pillar leaders show where each jurisdiction is strongest on a single dimension, independent of the composite. Several jurisdictions often share the top score on a pillar, which is why the composite and your own weighting matter more than any single pillar when you compare jurisdictions for a real plan.

Tax efficiencyAntigua and Barbuda (100), Bahamas (100), Bahrain (100), Belize (100), Bermuda (100)
Structure strengthAlbania (75), Algeria (75), Andorra (75), Angola (75), Antigua and Barbuda (75)
Residence clarityItaly (93), United States (93), France (92), Thailand (92), United Kingdom (92)
Crypto clarityAlgeria (90), Australia (88), Austria (88), India (88), Singapore (88)
Succession certaintyIndia (88), United Kingdom (88), Isle of Man (85), Czechia (84), Singapore (84)
Regulatory transparencyAlbania (100), Andorra (100), Antigua and Barbuda (100), Argentina (100), Armenia (100)
Institutional stabilitySwitzerland (85.7), Liechtenstein (84.4), Netherlands (83.2), Singapore (83), Canada (80.7)

How do all 124 jurisdictions compare?

The table lists every jurisdiction with its composite score and all seven pillar scores, using Mirabello's default weights, followed by the data confidence of each record. A dash means the pillar is not scored because no qualifying official source exists, which the method treats as unscored rather than estimated.

Wealth-Protection Jurisdiction Atlas 31 October 2026: composite and pillar scores for 124 jurisdictions
Jurisdiction	Composite	Tax efficiency	Structure strength	Residence clarity	Crypto clarity	Succession certainty	Regulatory transparency	Institutional stability	Data confidence
Kuwait KW^*	91.8	97	75	-	-	-	100	-	90
Isle of Man IM^*	89.9	100	75	82	80	85	100	-	84
Guernsey GG^*	89.2	100	75	86	78	76	100	-	88
Bahrain BH^*	88.6	100	75	90	76	68	100	-	90
Gibraltar GI^*	88.6	100	75	84	85	70	100	-	74
Jersey JE	87.5	100	75	84	78	82	100	78.9	90
Liechtenstein LI	87.3	100	75	80	76	74	100	84.4	88
Monaco MC^*	87.3	100	75	78	72	72	100	-	72
United Arab Emirates AE	86.3	100	75	88	88	83	100	67.8	82
Cayman Islands KY	85.9	100	75	74	86	82	100	73.7	88
Paraguay PY^*	85.6	83.3	75	-	-	-	100	-	72
Bermuda BM	85.1	100	75	70	85	78	100	74.2	87
Singapore SG	84.3	78.7	75	90	88	84	100	83	90
Bahamas BS	83.8	100	75	72	82	78	100	67.1	88
Bulgaria BG^*	83.3	85.1	75	82	82	68	100	-	80
Georgia GE^*	83.3	79.2	75	87	82	78	100	-	88
Maldives MV^*	83	77.6	75	-	-	-	100	-	72
Cook Islands CK	82.9	100	75	72	70	76	100	66.7	84
Hong Kong HK	82.6	84.9	75	82	85	78	100	74.3	88
Nauru NR^*	81.9	79.2	75	72	-	-	100	-	68
Czechia CZ^*	81.7	70.5	75	90	82	84	100	-	82
Nigeria NG^*	81.7	74.8	75	-	-	-	100	-	80
Antigua and Barbuda AG	81.5	100	75	70	72	65	100	65.9	82
Bosnia and Herzegovina BA^*	80.8	83.3	75	72	68	70	100	-	78
Andorra AD	80.7	85.1	75	85	62	62	100	77	72
Oman OM	80.1	100	75	68	66	64	100	61.5	70
Seychelles SC^*	80	70.3	75	82	-	-	100	-	88
Estonia EE^*	79.6	67.1	75	85	83	80	100	-	85
Hungary HU^*	79.5	68.6	75	80	80	82	100	-	80
Brunei Darussalam BN^*	79.4	97	75	78	72	76	60	-	92
Barbados BB^*	79.3	75.6	75	73	68	76	100	-	74
British Virgin Islands VG^*	79.3	100	75	68	84	72	60	-	84
Guatemala GT^*	79	87.7	75	87	62	70	75	-	90
Qatar QA	78.6	90	75	66	64	68	100	66	70
Peru PE^*	78.3	67.3	75	-	-	-	100	-	82
North Macedonia MK^*	78.2	82.1	75	-	-	-	75	-	83
St Kitts and Nevis KN	77.9	90	75	60	64	68	100	65.9	85
Indonesia ID^*	77.8	65.8	75	80	82	74	100	-	88
Armenia AM^*	77.4	70.1	75	74	75	70	100	-	78
Malta MT	77.3	68.9	75	82	80	82	100	66.9	70
India IN^*	77.1	54.8	75	85	88	88	100	-	82
Switzerland CH	77.1	50	75	90	84	80	100	85.7	84
Rwanda RW^*	77	64.3	75	-	-	-	100	-	78
Costa Rica CR^*	76.7	68.7	75	72	70	72	100	-	80
Malaysia MY	76.6	67.3	75	90	83	76	100	63.8	78
Mauritius MU	76.5	68.9	75	90	65	74	100	66.9	78
Brazil BR^*	76	59.5	75	85	84	70	100	-	80
Croatia HR^*	75	61.4	75	72	68	78	100	-	78
Kenya KE^*	74.9	56.8	75	82	75	-	100	-	82
Mexico MX^*	74.9	59.8	75	-	-	-	100	-	83
Saint Lucia LC	74.9	73.3	75	80	62	63	100	64.7	84
Saudi Arabia SA	74.8	74.5	75	80	60	72	100	58.5	72
Belarus BY^*	74.7	69.9	75	80	80	78	75	-	65
Uruguay UY	74.3	60.2	75	85	62	65	100	74.7	74
Chad TD^*	74.2	58.2	75	-	-	-	100	-	75
Grenada GD	73.8	73.3	75	72	62	62	100	63.5	66
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC	73.8	73.3	75	70	60	62	100	65	78
Argentina AR^*	73.7	54.3	75	82	78	70	100	-	78
Australia AU^*	73.7	46.4	75	85	88	82	100	-	82
Cyprus CY	73.5	56.8	75	88	70	72	100	67.9	82
Dominica DM	73.5	68.9	75	80	62	62	100	63.8	78
Pakistan PK^*	73.5	56.8	75	-	-	-	100	-	85
Albania AL^*	73.2	60	75	78	70	60	100	-	72
Fiji FJ^*	73.1	59.3	75	75	62	68	100	-	88
South Korea KR^*	73	52	75	82	-	-	100	-	83
Serbia RS^*	72.8	70.1	75	-	-	-	75	-	85
South Sudan SS^*	72.4	69.2	75	-	-	-	75	-	72
Austria AT^*	72.3	43.3	75	88	88	76	100	-	87
Chile CL^*	72.3	48.9	75	80	72	78	100	-	82
Belize BZ	72.2	100	75	62	60	68	60	54.9	85
Canada CA	72.1	37	75	90	70	80	100	80.7	85
Botswana BW^*	71.9	57.2	75	72	65	65	100	-	80
Bolivia BO^*	71.8	71.4	75	68	65	70	75	-	70
Burkina Faso BF^*	71.6	61.7	75	62	62	63	100	-	62
New Zealand NZ^*	71.5	52.3	75	-	-	-	100	-	82
Azerbaijan AZ^*	71.4	66.3	75	80	65	68	75	-	66
Cambodia KH^*	71.4	67.1	75	-	-	-	75	-	72
Spain ES	71.3	44.5	75	90	78	72	100	69.3	88
Egypt EG^*	71.2	66.5	75	75	62	72	75	-	80
Taiwan TW^*	71.1	51.4	75	-	-	-	100	-	80
Angola AO^*	70.8	68.5	75	68	70	67	75	-	78
Montenegro ME^*	70.7	74.6	75	-	-	-	60	-	72
Portugal PT	70.5	38	75	90	80	74	100	71.7	86
Cape Verde CV^*	70.3	70.4	75	68	62	62	75	-	68
Latvia LV^*	70.2	49.5	75	-	-	-	100	-	85
El Salvador SV^*	70.1	64.3	75	-	-	-	75	-	78
Tanzania TZ^*	70.1	64.3	75	-	-	-	75	-	77
Namibia NA^*	70	64.1	75	-	-	-	75	-	75
Germany DE	69.8	24	75	90	86	82	100	80.2	84
China CN^*	69.7	44.9	75	72	82	70	100	-	80
Algeria DZ^*	69.5	54.3	75	78	90	72	75	-	65
Colombia CO^*	69.3	43.2	75	80	78	65	100	-	75
United Kingdom GB	69.3	22.5	75	92	82	88	100	76.7	90
Cameroon CM^*	69.2	50.3	75	68	65	65	100	-	78
Vanuatu VU	69.2	100	75	62	66	60	40	57	76
São Tomé and Príncipe ST^*	69.1	64.8	75	62	-	-	75	-	63
Greece GR	68.9	43.8	75	88	70	70	100	62.1	70
Italy IT	68.9	35.7	75	93	62	78	100	67.5	78
Thailand TH	68.9	46.4	75	92	78	78	100	50.8	74
Ecuador EC^*	68.6	44.1	75	75	62	70	100	-	78
Netherlands NL	68.4	22	75	88	68	78	100	83.2	84
Belgium BE^*	68	36.3	75	78	73	76	100	-	82
Philippines PH^*	67.9	59.3	75	-	-	-	75	-	85
Honduras HN^*	67.8	58.7	75	70	65	68	75	-	78
Sri Lanka LK^*	67.7	58.9	75	-	-	-	75	-	73
Dominican Republic DO^*	67.5	58.1	75	72	60	68	75	-	75
Bangladesh BD^*	67.4	48.4	75	80	82	72	75	-	70
Ethiopia ET^*	67.2	56.8	75	65	82	65	75	-	78
Ireland IE^*	66.9	26.2	75	88	78	80	100	-	86
Burundi BI^*	66.8	61.2	75	62	62	63	75	-	72
Slovenia SI^*	66.7	41.8	75	-	-	-	100	-	78
Bhutan BT^*	66.5	60.3	75	62	63	63	75	-	70
Democratic Republic of Congo CD^*	66.4	61.4	75	63	60	60	75	-	63
United States US	66.3	32	75	93	80	80	75	72.3	88
Jordan JO^*	66	60.3	75	78	62	-	60	-	78
Luxembourg LU^*	66	39.5	75	-	-	68	100	-	87
Sierra Leone SL^*	66	55.2	75	-	-	-	75	-	70
Japan JP^*	65.7	24.7	75	80	78	82	100	-	80
France FR	64.5	10.5	75	92	80	80	100	72.1	86
South Africa ZA^*	64.1	36.1	75	-	-	-	100	-	88
Panama PA	63.9	71.7	75	78	64	66	40	55.6	78
Republic of Congo CG^*	60.4	41.4	75	62	65	60	75	-	75
Turkey TR^*	58.1	37.3	75	80	62	-	60	-	76
Vietnam VN^*	52.2	60.8	75	-	-	-	15	-	78

* Not covered by the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators: scored on the other six pillars and shown as a specialised financial centre, never given a proxy score.

How is the Atlas scored?

Scores are computed mechanically from published weights and official inputs, with no discretionary adjustment. The default weights give institutional stability 20% and regulatory transparency 15%, so governance and international compliance carry 35% together and the ranking can never reward opacity.

Objective

To help advisers and clients compare jurisdictions on lawful, compliant wealth-protection factors, never on secrecy or tax avoidance.

Pillars and default weights

Tax efficiency (25%) Headline tax burden (personal income / capital gains / inheritance / wealth), lower = higher score; small crypto-friendly nudge. Objective from tax-profiles.
Structure strength (15%) Availability + asset-protection strength of trusts/foundations + charitable vehicles.
Residence clarity (10%) How well-established and officially sourced the tax-residence rules are (our verification confidence on the residence_tests block).
Crypto clarity (5%) How well-established and officially sourced the crypto-asset tax/regulatory position is (verification confidence on the crypto block).
Succession certainty (10%) How well-established and officially sourced the succession / forced-heirship rules are (verification confidence on the succession profile).
Regulatory transparency (15%) International compliance ALIGNMENT (CRS participation + EU-list standing), neutral; higher = more aligned. NOT a secrecy/low-disclosure score.
Institutional stability (20%) Governance/rule-of-law from the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators (CC-BY), null until WGI is sourced; never guessed.

Data handling

Scores are computed MECHANICALLY from the disclosed weights and inputs, no discretionary adjustment is applied, and tier thresholds are fixed and published (Tier 1 >=80, Tier 2 65-79, Tier 3 <65). Each pillar is independently sourced and dated with a confidence score; figures below confidence 60 are withheld, not shown. Non-numeric/uncertain figures are marked CHECK-OFFICIAL-SOURCE. The composite renormalises over available pillars; jurisdictions without World Bank WGI coverage are scored on the other six pillars and segregated, never imputed or given a parent-state proxy.

Tax features

Tax features are considered only at a high level and always within the context of compliance with applicable laws and international standards (CRS, FATCA, AML/CFT); this Atlas does not promote tax avoidance, secrecy or any circumvention of reporting obligations.

Regulatory transparency

Regulatory transparency is scored as international COMPLIANCE ALIGNMENT (CRS participation / EU-list standing). Being outside a list is NEVER scored as a benefit.

Institutional stability

Institutional stability uses the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators (percentile ranks, CC-BY 4.0, attributed; latest WGI release). Where WGI does not cover a jurisdiction the pillar is left unscored, never estimated or proxied.

Sources

Official / Tier-A only: national tax authorities & civil codes, OECD, EU (EUR-Lex), HCCH, World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators (CC-BY 4.0), and the big-four global summaries for corroboration. Full per-field provenance carried in the dataset.

Review cycle

Rebuilt weekly from the live data backbone; a self-healing screener re-verifies withheld/stale figures continuously.

Not a benchmark

This Atlas is a proprietary analytical tool based on public-source inputs, disclosed weightings and a fixed methodology. It is NOT a regulated financial benchmark, index, credit rating, investment product, reference rate or official government assessment, and is not designed to be referenced in contracts, financial instruments or performance measurement.

World Bank WGI attribution

Selected governance metrics are derived from the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI), © World Bank, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0). The World Bank does not endorse Mirabello’s analysis or any conclusions drawn. WGI data have been transformed (percentile ranks averaged across the six indicators) for this Atlas; any errors in transformation or interpretation are solely Mirabello’s.

Conflicts of interest

Mirabello earns fees advising on cross-border residence, citizenship and wealth structuring, and therefore has a commercial interest in some jurisdictions covered. To manage this, the methodology, weights, sources and data rules are published in full and applied uniformly; scores derive from official inputs, not from Mirabello commercial relationships.

Mirabello does not advise on, and this Atlas does not support, secrecy, evasion, concealment or artificial tax residence. It supports lawful asset continuity, mobility resilience, succession certainty, tax-residence clarity and regulatory transparency.

Frequently asked questions

Is the Atlas a ranking of tax havens?

No. The tiers reflect jurisdictional resilience, governance quality and wealth-management infrastructure for lawful planning, not tax competitiveness or secrecy. Regulatory transparency is scored as alignment with international standards such as the Common Reporting Standard, and being outside a compliance list is never scored as a benefit.

How are the scores calculated?

Each of the seven pillars is scored from official sources, dated and given a confidence score, and the composite applies Mirabello's published default weights mechanically. Figures below confidence 60 are withheld rather than shown, and the composite is recalculated over the pillars that are available.

Why do some jurisdictions carry an asterisk?

An asterisk marks a jurisdiction not covered by the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators. Its institutional stability pillar is left unscored, never estimated, and the jurisdiction is scored on the other six pillars.

How often is the Atlas updated?

The Atlas is rebuilt weekly from Mirabello's live data backbone, and withheld or stale figures are re-verified continuously. The current data is dated 31 October 2026.

Can I use the Atlas to decide where to move or invest?

Not on its own. A higher score or tier does not mean a jurisdiction suits a particular person or family; suitability depends on residence, tax residence, nationality, family circumstances, assets and reporting obligations, and needs tailored professional advice before any decision.

Does Mirabello have a conflict of interest?

Mirabello earns fees advising on residence, citizenship and wealth structuring, so it has a commercial interest in some jurisdictions covered. To manage this, the method, weights, sources and data rules are published in full and applied uniformly, and scores come from official inputs, not commercial relationships.

How do I start with Mirabello Consultancy?

Book a free, confidential consultation. A Mirabello Consultancy specialist reviews your residence, family, assets and goals, and explains which jurisdictions and programmes genuinely fit your situation, in any of our 11 languages. Book a free consultation

What else helps with cross-border wealth planning?

Wealth planning across borders usually involves more than one question. Succession law, tax residency, residence and citizenship programmes and the data behind them all interact, so these related Mirabello resources cover the next questions most families ask after comparing jurisdictions in the Atlas.

Which law governs your estate Tax jurisdictions compared Mirabello Investment Migration Index Best golden visa programmes Best citizenship by investment programmes Tax residency and planning guides Wealth planning and banking guides

Official sources: World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators · OECD: Common Reporting Standard (2025 consolidated text) · EUR-Lex: EU law

Mirabello Consultancy: IMC member, ACAMS-certified leadership. Information, not advice.

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